NAACP v. United States (filed Mar 24 2025, D. Md.) – Civil-rights groups say the Executive Order illegally “dismantles” the Education Department by slashing staff and canceling $1.5 billion in grants, violating the Take-Care Clause, Spending Clause and the APA. A motion for a nationwide preliminary injunction is still pending; none has been issued yet.
Somerville Public Schools v. Trump (filed Apr 1 2025, D. Mass.) – School districts and unions argue the President lacks authority to close the Education Department; they sought an emergency halt to mass layoffs. On May 22 2025 the district court granted a preliminary injunction that blocks the shutdown nationwide and orders fired employees reinstated.
New York et al. v. McMahon (filed Mar 13 2025, D. Mass.; consolidated with Somerville) – Twenty-one states challenge the same layoffs and transfer of functions as an unconstitutional power-grab and APA violation. The district court’s preliminary injunction (identical nationwide relief) was issued earlier and, on Jun 4 2025, the First Circuit refused to stay it, keeping the nationwide injunction in force.
 Carter et al. v. U.S. Dept. of Education (filed Mar 14 2025, D.D.C.) – Parents and disability-rights advocates claim the reduction-in-force deprives students of discrimination investigations, violating due-process and the APA. The court denied their preliminary-injunction motion on May 21 2025 and later stayed the case pending the Somerville/New York appeals; therefore no nationwide injunction is in place.
On July 14, 2025, in McMahon v. New York et al., the Supreme Court granted the stay of the injunction that was preventing the closure of the Dept. of Education. This means, the Court effectively lifted the injunction that was holding back EO# 14242, such that the Trump Administration could proceed with dissolving the Dept. of Ed.